Jeff Jacoby’s assault on reason

Jim Henley recently pronounced this Anne Applebaum piece “the stupidest column anyone has ever written for any venue.” Given how maddening I found Applebaum’s column, I wasn’t prepared to argue with Henley’s conclusion.

However, that was before I read Jeff Jacoby’s latest in yesterday’s Boston Globe. Jacoby, the Globe’s worst columnist, makes the least persuasive argument I’ve ever seen in a major American newspaper.

Did you hear about the religious fundamentalist who wanted to teach physics at Cambridge University? This would-be instructor wasn’t simply a Christian; he was so preoccupied with biblical prophecy that he wrote a book titled “Observations on the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John.” Based on his reading of Daniel, in fact, he forecast the date of the Apocalypse: no earlier than 2060. He also calculated the year the world was created. When Genesis 1:1 says “In the beginning,” he determined, it means 3988 BC.

Not many modern universities are prepared to employ a science professor who espouses not merely “intelligent design” but out-and-out divine creation. This applicant’s writings on astronomy, for example, include these thoughts on the solar system: “This most beautiful system of sun, planets, and comets could only proceed from the counsel and domination of an intelligent and powerful Being … He governs all things, and knows all things that are or can be done.”

Hire somebody with such views to teach physics? At a Baptist junior college deep in the Bible Belt, maybe, but the faculty would erupt if you tried it just about anywhere else.

Then Jacoby hits us with his clever little punch-line: he’s describing Isaac Newton, who Cambridge named Lucasian Chair of Mathematics in 1668.

Jacoby’s point seems to be that Newton celebrated an intersection between “religious inquiry and scientific investigation,” so we should do the same.

Maybe, maybe not, but making the point by highlighting Newton’s mistaken theological beliefs is quite silly.

Jacoby thinks he’s being a shrewd observer. Cambridge, he says, wouldn’t allow a fundamentalist who interprets the Bible literally and tries to ascertain scriptural prophecies to join the science faculty. But if they turned such a person down now, they’d miss out on a scholar for the ages like Newton.

Except this is completely wrong. Newton embraced these beliefs in the 17th century. Were he alive today, and able to see the advances of the scientific canon over the last four centuries, he obviously wouldn’t maintain the same beliefs. Jacoby, however, seems to miss the point of scientific inquiry, arguing that a genius who was wrong in 1668 necessarily means that fundamentalist beliefs might hold credence today.

James Kirchick’s take on the column was spot-on.

Jacoby claims Newton as one of his own, historically appropriating Newton for his contemporary anti-evolution agenda, thus besmirching one of the greatest minds in Western history. He writes that it was “axiomatic that religious inquiry and scientific investigation complemented each other.” Axiomatic, indeed, in an age when denying the existence of God brought upon excommunication and other forms of state repression.

Not for nothing did John Maynard Keynes remark, upon examining Newton’s large collection of papers relating to alchemy, that “Newton was not the first of the age of reason. He was the last of the magicians…” Indeed, the logical conclusion of Jacoby’s argument is that university physics departments should teach students how to convert lead into gold.

Just as Abraham Lincoln was no proponent of racial equality, Newton was a man of his time. Both men deserve credit and praise for the peerless contributions they made in their day. Exalting the primitive (and no doubt once-commonly held) beliefs of a man who lived 400 years ago indicates Jacoby’s bias towards the holds of 17th century superstition as opposed to 21st century reason.

What do you think, Jim Henley, “stupidest column anyone has ever written for any venue”?

Easy response:

If any applicant for a professorship position had the publications of Newton, he would be hired in a heartbeat even if he were a Satan worshipper.

And anyways, he was a mathematics professor.

  • When three of the ten Republican candidates put their hands up as not believing in evolution, nothing surprises me. The movement backwards in science and religion is scary. Look at history to see what happens when churches run the governments….the Spanish Inquisition is one example.

    The bushies want to send us back to the 15th century, like the religious leaders of the middle east have gone back to the 4th century. Enlightened ideas, such as the rights of man, a democratic constitution, a government of the people by the people don’t belong. Religion is a dangerous political weapon, and the neo-cons don’t care who they destroy in their mad pursuit of total power.
    Wake up, America. Impeach Bush/Cheney now. It will only get worse if we don’t. There is a phrase in the bible that reads “the meek shall inherit the earth.” I think there was a problem with the translation. I think they meant MINDLESS, and it has already happened.

  • Hey, I’ve got one for them: A guy walks around performing miracles, and he tells everyone that rich people pretty much cannot get into heaven. Would he be allowed to speak at churches where nearly everyone is rich?

    I reserve the “stupidest column ever” trophy for the Coultergeist. Scrambling for second would be Mr Bobo. Tony Snowjob comes in third.

    But really there could be categories for the award, and this one might take the science category.

    What amazes me is how the media keeps printing this tripe.

  • Valid points. Many folks (including various PC types of the lefty variety) failed to understand historical context.

    And compared to Newton’s contemporaries, Newton was a liberal. They were aghast that someone had the audacity to actually measure “god”‘s forces and put them down in equation form!

    In the next article on the series (McLuhan’s Literal Morons: Why Historical Context is irrelevant) we’ll read on how the views of Torquemada’s and Attila the Huns’ views on interrogation are still useful in the GWOT…

  • You kinda lost me on this one, CB. I see what you’re talking about but those columns don’t even come close to stupidest in my mind. It’s true what Applebaum said. Our Royal Fuckup George Bush has created a situation in which every solution holds the seeds of destruction. We still should leave and help from afar with aid etc. The Newton column ws sort of like the abortion of Beethoven story wherein all indicators were that the pregnancy of his mother should have been terminated. I’m not sure Newton would be a non-believer today. He was awfully enthusiastic about the Bible for it to just be fear-based exploration. I don’t think we’d lose any good teachers by not hiring fundamentalists, but it’s possible a technical researcher might be able to contribute. Bill Kristol writes dumber stuff than these every time he sits down to write.

  • What do you think, Jim Henley, “stupidest column anyone has ever written for any venue”?

    Hmm, no. Wrong, but not stupid. And as long as Krauthammer is getting published regularly, “stupidest” will be a tough contest.

    In any case, calling Newton a “fundamentalist” is misleading, given that his religious views were considered radical at the time.

  • Newton strongly believed in ghosts and would check under his bed every night to make sure it was a safe place to sleep.

    But to defend Newton, we had virtually no evidence at that time that the world was older than 6,000 years. We didn’t understand so many things. Of course, before Newton we didn’t understand calculus either.

    It is virtually impossible, and absolutely a waste of time, to compare people of different eras.

    Changing topics, If Jesse Owens were around today no one would ever have heard of him. Owens wouldn’t even be considered for the Olympic trials let alone a gold medal winner. Is Henley saying that Owens was a terrible athelete?

    People live in the times and cultures that they live in. It would be absurd to say that a typical 10th grader was better at math than anyone prior to the 12th century.

  • Newton kept his actual religious views a secret, because he feared the consequences.

  • As a physicist myself, this sort of crap really hacks me off. One of the worst things about it is that it is essentially an ‘argument from authority’, i.e. Newton was a creationist, and he was smart, so we should all be creationists and follow his lead. Even if Newton had made these statements and held these beliefs today, THIS IS NOT HOW SCIENCE IS SUPPOSED TO WORK!!! In my experience, scientists who start quoting other scientist’s opinions to make their points usually do so only because they don’t have a rational leg to stand on. It turns out (shocker) that great scientists can be wrong about things! In fact, great scientists are usually wrong about many things, because they have the guts to put forth hypotheses to explain phenomena that are poorly understood, and those hypotheses are quite often shown to be incorrect (Einstein’s resistance to quantum mechanics is the classic example).

    CB wrote, paraphrasing Jacoby: “But if they turned such a person down now, they’d miss out on a scholar for the ages like Newton.”

    It’s worth pointing out that in Newton’s time, the history (and age) of the Earth was an open question — no methods of dating the Earth had been developed, so it was anyone’s guess what the answer was. Nowadays, there is no doubt that the Earth is around 5 billion years old — anyone who argues on this point is ignoring centuries of scientific evidence and is a totally shit scientist. Most schools can safely ignore young Earth crackpots without risking losing a scholar for the ages.

    This whole discussion reminds me of the Philadelphia Enquirer’s reference to Rick Santorum as “one of the finest minds of the 14th century.”

  • These “Creationists” begin their “studies” based on a flawed premise…the bible. Which bible…Greek, latin, Catholic, King James? Written hundreds of years after Christ in the new testament and from oral translations hundreds years old in the old testament. Which translations huh? Did it include all the books the Catholics threw out at the first ecuminical council. You couldn’t get 2 Jews to tell the same story the same way twice but yet they did it for over 600yrs before writing it down. These creationists can accept word for word the new bible version of creation but then refuse to kill each other for committing adultry or bad dietary habits as in Leviticus. Talk about cherry picking. The confusion of biblical history is totally skipped over just to get to a Disneyland creator. Intelligent Design is actually Intelligent Rationalization. Calculating the end of the world based on an overly mistranslated multi dead lanquaged manuscript which has been overly edited for political reasons…yeah right…other worldly genius or an ego the size of the moon? Evolution does not discount God but merely structures his creation, in much the same way as the human body. Here’s an other worldly thought for you…in God’s eyes all time exist at the same time. God understands it.

  • gotta keep william the bloody, the doughy pantload and mark steyn in the running, doncha?

  • Hmm, guess the apple that fell on Newton’s head hit him harder than we’d thought.

    Could this have had something to do with the Enlightenment beginning not too long afterward? Newton was brilliant in one narrow field and a man of his times. For some of us, things have changed a great deal since then, no matter how much religious extremists try to deny it.

    Personally, though not one of Mr. Jacoby’s fans, I don’t think this column is surpassingly stupid–there are other writers I find much worse, every day. It’s not even one of *his* worst.

  • While I’ll agree that Newton was a man of his times, I would not say that he was brilliant in “one narrow field”. The man not only invented the Calculus, but wrote a brilliant piece on optics and detailed a theory of gravity so exquisite, he was able to explain the orbits of the moon and planets to great accuracy. Halley even used his findings to ‘discover’ his eponymous comet.

    Additionally, while Newton believed in the existence of God, he kept his true religious beliefs secret. At a time when he was teaching at Trinity College, Newton was disavowing the belief that Jesus was ‘the same’ as God. A heretical viewpoint at that time. Hell, a herertical viewpoint TODAY. How come no one ever brings up this bit of information when discussing Newton?

    Read his biography, which I recommend highly.

  • On the other hand, Newton, since he was living in the relatively modern era of the 1600s, was well-versed with the idea of habeas corpus, it having been established centuries earlier. So, has Jacoby set out to protest our government’s denial of habeas?

    Modern day Cambridge wouldn’t need to discuss Newton’s religion, since someone with only Newton’s understanding of physics would be unqualified to teach there today.

    This is a pretty stupid column, but stupidest ever? I don’t know. There have been a lot of stupid columns in the last few years.

  • RacerX,

    Are you referring to that dark-skinned, unemployed, homeless man who was spouting about loving your enemies and all that other hippie crap?

  • Jacoby, the Globe’s worst columnist, makes the least persuasive argument I’ve ever seen in a major American newspaper. — CB. Really? That’s some wake-up call.

    So I read it. True, Jacoby is trying to squeeze a case for religious fundamentalism out of selective pickings from one of history’s most prolific and accomplished scientists. A rather tall order if not actually a cheat. But, right at the end, he says something — “..Neither faith nor reason can answer every question. As Newton knew, the surer path to wisdom is the one that has room for both.” — that, for me, marginally redeems his piece.

    I grew up, trained and researched as a scientist, so I am something of a devotee of scientific method. It’s a very pure, elegant and powerful investigative tool. But, as Jacoby says, it doesn’t answer every question. The questions it didn’t answer — mind, death, consciousness, origin of the universe — pushed me to search within the great religions. I studied Christianity, Hinduism, Sufism, Taoism, Confucianism, Native American Medicine Wisdom, and finally Buddhism, all, except Confucianism, under the tutelage and guidance of qualified masters. I was shopping, basically; and, of course, I learned a lot. Most of all I learned ” There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy. “

    As I see it, there is no need for religion to be in conflict with science. Rather, it can be seen as the complement of science. There are some areas where science alone is inadequate. I’d go as far as to say it is a misuse of science to try to comprehend with it what is inherently beyond its reach. That should be the domain of religious method and wisdom.

    Of all the religions I looked at, I found Buddhism to be the most powerful, comprehensive — and scientific! But that’s just my personal experience. Others might find other systems more suitable.

    So, I’ll have to look deeper to find the least persuasive argument I’ve ever seen in a major American newspaper. Shouldn’t be too hard!

  • That article is many kinds of silly. In particular, it is foolish to make such simplistic comparisons between the beginning of the enlightenment and now.

    Only slightly facetiously, note that when Newton was elected Lucasian Professor of Mathematics (1669), he had no courses and no publications in calculus. How many colleges today would hire a math professor who showed no outward evidence of understanding calculus? (Community colleges aside, perhaps.) (He had worked on calculus in 1665-1666, but had not yet published in the field.)

    Also (according to Wikipedia) when Newton was elected Lucasian Professor, both Cambridge and Oxford required all their Fellows to be ordained Anglican priests. Do universities require anything like that today? (Newton had to get a waiver from Charles II to accept the position.)

    Despite the rule about being ordained, the actual terms of the Lucasian chair specifically required its holder not to be active (read that as ‘too active’) in the church. Do we write that into modern academic job descriptions in any department today?

  • A rebuttal argument might be, that despite being a product of his times and the social, religious and political realities enshrined , Newton still was able to acheive all that he did. Thus furthering math and science and straddleing the last of the magicians and the first of the enlightenment.

  • Americans don’t know history, let along the history of science. Newton was a mathematics professor, not a physicist, like Galileo. He invented calculus (along with Leibnitz) to make sense out of astronomical observations and data that had been gathered by others. His brilliance allowed him to invent a telescope that was (is) vastly superior to those relying on refraction, and he was a Unitarian in his religious beliefs, which made him pretty much a heretic in 17th century England.

    He was also a mystic, but there was nothing fundamentalist or dogmatic about him. He sought rational and verifiable explanations for his observations. He did not resort to miracles and the supernatural. And he was wrong about some of his explanations, especially one on the tides. Newton’s explanations, through his various formulations of the natural world, got us to the moon. Einstein and Bohr challenged Newton’s static ideas about cause and effect, space and time. Einstein too believed in a God who didn’t “play dice,” but Bohr has proved him wrong.

    We seem to forget, if we ever knew, that science is about explaning HOW things work. Not why.

    Jacoby is an ignoramus of the worst sort. Why the Globe keeps him is a mystery. And he certainly isn’t worth reading except for entertainment.

  • gotta keep william the bloody […] in the running, doncha?

    Hey now – I’m pretty sure Spike isn’t a creationist…

  • “They were aghast that someone had the audacity to actually measure “god”’s forces and put them down in equation form!”

    I did a graduate year in the history of science at King’s College and never heard this one. References please.

  • “He did not resort to miracles and the supernatural.”

    Wrong. When his calculations showed the orbits of the planets were unstable, he said that God constantly put them back in place.

    And he was a fundamentalist as well, just a heretical fundamentalist.

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