Gerald Ford dies at age 93

I’m afraid I was a little young to have any memories of [tag]Gerald Ford[/tag]’s presidency — when he took the oath of office, I was a year old — and, regrettably, I’m more inclined to think of Chevy Chase’s Saturday Night Live impression of a bumbling president than Ford’s actual performance in office.

That said, I think it’s fair to say that Ford will be remembered as a modest, decent man thrust into leadership under the most difficult of conditions.

Mr. Ford, who was the only person to lead the country without having been elected as president or vice president, occupied the White House for just 896 days — starting from a hastily arranged ceremony on Aug. 9, 1974, and ending after his defeat by Jimmy Carter in the 1976 election. But they were pivotal days of national introspection, involving America’s first definitive failure in a war and the first resignation of a president.

After a decade of division over Vietnam and two years of trauma over the Watergate scandals, Jerry Ford, as he called himself, radiated a soothing familiarity. He might have been the nice guy down the street suddenly put in charge of the nation, and if he seemed a bit predictable, he was also safe, reliable and reassuring. He placed no intolerable intellectual or psychological burdens on a weary land, and he lived out a modest philosophy. “The harder you work, the luckier you are,” he said once in summarizing his career. “I worked like hell.”

I suspect today will include plenty of debate about whether Ford was wrong to pardon Nixon, speculation about whether there was some kind of “deal” that may have elevated Ford in exchange for a promise to issue that pardon, and consideration of Ford’s controversial decision to back the 1975 Helsinki Accords, but I think it’s noteworthy that Ford was the last moderate Republican president.

Ford’s post-president career was quiet and low-profile, but let’s not forget, as the GOP shifted further and further to the right, Ford, who was not considered a particularly progressive Republican in the 1970s, looked less and less conservative. Indeed, the former president and his wife both acknowledged in the 1990s that they were pro-choice, and more recently, supported gay marriage.

The Republican Unity Coalition, a group of moderate Republicans hoping to drag the party to the left by more than a few degrees, welcomed Ford onto the group’s Advisory Board a few years ago.

“We are so proud to have President Ford join the RUC in our effort to expand the Republican Party by reaching out to gay and lesbian Americans, our friends, families and colleagues who believe in the great principles of the GOP. President Ford has spoken eloquently about the need for an inclusive policy that welcomes gays into the Republican family, and we are truly honored to have him join this important effort,” Charles Francis said.

In a historic interview with Deb Price published by The Detroit News last year, President Ford said: “I have always believed in an inclusive policy in welcoming gays and others into the party”.

I suspect that these positions will tarnish his memory in the eyes of some of today’s Republican leaders and activists, but I think it’s a shame that Ford’s tolerant, inclusive approach has gone largely missing from today’s GOP.

I have a little bit more memory of Pres. Ford. I still remember as a kindergartener, hearing on the news “President Ford flew in the new B-1 bomber today”.

And one of our first grade Weekly Readers had a mock presidential ballot between President Ford and Governor Carter.

I do think that compared to the Republican president that preceded him, and the ones that followed him, he was probably the most decent of the bunch.

  • here’s a testiment to ford’s moderation and moderating influence: the administration we’re currently suffering under is essentially his, but with the decider in charge instead of him.

  • Ford’s death is definitely symbolic. We’ve seen the near eradication of the New England Republican in 2006. Ford and his Midwestern roots epitomized what was a “Main Street Republican.”

  • One year old?! You’re just a baby! I was 15 when Ford took office. From what I recall, he did no harm, which is much more than can be said of the current president.

  • And no harm at a time when no harm was needed. In addition, he publicly opposed Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. A whole different breed of GOP.

  • I was 17 when Ford was elevated to the office. Even then I was decidedly liberal and no friend of Richard Nixon. What Ford did was bring stability back to the nation. I was angry at the Nixon pardon however in retrospect it probably was the wise thing to do. He was also the only person to beat Ronald Reagan in an election which marked the last time the GOP made a wise choice.

  • I think it’s fair to say that Ford will be remembered as a modest, decent man thrust into leadership under the most difficult of conditions.

    I came downstairs this morning and my wife told me he had died. She asked me what I thought of him and this was literally my comment to her word for word. I was only 3 when he took office so I defer to our more, uh, experienced politicos here about what it was like while Watergate was concluding but I definitely think that’s the historical perception of him.

    Sad that Rove, etc., decided to push the GOP so far to the right and become so divisive that gentlemen politicians like Ford have to almost split from their party line. I’ll be curious to see if any rightwing bloggers do take potshots at him.

  • “There is no Soviet domination of Eastern Europe and there never will be under a Ford Administration.” – Gerald Ford (1976)

    That, sadly, is what I remember most about the guy. The kind of clueless malaproprism that foreshadowed our current Boy George II.

    I’ve always thought the Chevy Chase crap was rather unfair. Sort of like the “invented the internet” meme laid on Al Gore. Of course, I kind of dislike Chase anyway.

    But what I would point out is that Gerald Ford was a member of the Warren Commission, and as such he chose to surpress the examination of the theory of a second gunman and supported the assertion that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone. This might have been, in his estimation, the best thing for the country, but I’m not sure it’s the truth. (As for all those who would tout the George F. Will line that this is arguing there was a conspiracy SO HUGE over killing JFK that it could not exist and be kept secret, I say this: The conspiracy to kill JFK was very small. The conspiracy not to pursue those actually guilty about JFK is another matter entirely.)

    I don’t think Ford should have pardoned Nixon, I have to agree with Red Forman on that. But I can forgive him.

    As for the lose of Moderate Mainstream Tolerant Republicans, well, don’t Extremist Wingnut Intolerant Republican’ts deserve a party of their own? 😉

  • I was 34 when Ford took the presidential oath. To me he was always a conservative, a hard-line conservative who voted against every social program the Democrats held dear. I did not like him because of his political philosophy and his congressional votes.

    He may have tried to dismantle the public housing that I grew up in, and he may have worked with President Nixon and VP Agnew during Vietnam, and he could have been more forceful during Watergate, and he may have appointed GHW Bush head of the CIA, and he prevented a full investigation of Watergate by pardoning Tricky Dick … but I never thought of Gerald Ford as anti-American, and he never preached at me, and he never excluded Democrats from participating in the legislative process, and that’s what’s happened to the Republican Party with the arrival of the Bush Crime Family.

    For all the BCF’s sweet words about Ford in the last 24 hours, they’d have gladly trashed him and his wife and kids mercilessly if he had ever so much as spoken even one word of old-fashioned, pre-Reagan conservatism. Monsters!

  • I was 15 when Gerald Ford became president in the wake of Richard Nixon’s resignation. Ford was a very good and decent man, I’ve always believed he pardoned Nixon out of what he saw as the best interests of the nation. He was a solid Republican who respected Democrats — recall that he became good friends with Jimmy Carter, working together on various projects after they were both defeated ex-presidents.

    If the Republican Party today reflected Jerry Ford’s values rather than George W. Bush’s, America would be much better off.

  • I dispute the assertion that pardoning Nixon was “a wise choice in retrospect” or however you choose to rationalize the act. Pardoning Nixon denied the country justice. Ford’s self-serving sentimental approach to the Nixon fiasco was counter to the rule of law. Who was Ford to determine that “the country didn’t want to see an ex-President behind bars”? Nixon deserved to be tried and either convicted or acquitted. He also deserved impeachment but chose to cut and run instead. Gerald Ford didn’t “spare the country” anything. He spared the Republican party the vilification it so richly deserved, and still deserves, for the criminal enterprise known as “Watergate”.

  • Besides being a decent and moderate-seeming man, especially compared to his predecessors (both VP and President), Ford did seem to have the capacity to bring us back together after the traumas of Watergate. I was 20 when he declared that the long national nightmare was over, and he lost me and my 1976 vote with his pardon of Nixon – which, in retrospect, was the better thing to do as we were facing some terrrible economic problems- the worst economic downturn since the Depression, the imminent loss of South VietNam, and Soviet ascendency in places like Angola. The pardon took Watergate off the table and allowed the country to heal and focus on then current issues – and put Nixon and his issues and his Imperial Presidency in the past. It was the right thing to do and it cost him the election in 1976 as I’m sure many other people voted against him because of the pardon.

    That said, the best part of Ford’s presidency was Betty Ford – who was, and is, trully a national treasure. For those of you who are too young to remember the Ford years – it’s too bad that you missed her – she trully was the best part.

  • Two mistakes Ford made were Rumsfeld and Cheney. Rummy was Ford’s White House Chief of Staff
    before becoming Sec. of Defense. Cheney replaced Rummy as WH Chief of Staff. The rest is history.

    Another story from back then. There was a rumor that Nixon wanted Texan John Connally for vice-president.

    From Wikipedia:
    When Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned in 1973, Connally was one of Richard Nixon’s top choices for vice president. However, Nixon ultimately chose Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr., the House Minority Leader from Michigan, probably because he knew that the moderate Ford could be easily confirmed by both houses of Congress whereas Connally would run into liberal Democratic opposition.

    Nixon wasn’t worried about liberal Democratic opposition. The real opposition would of come from Texas Senator John Tower. He despised Connally and would of killed the nomination in the Senate with his privilege of ”Senatorial courtesy.”

    As long as we’re giving away ages here, I was thirty in 74.

  • Some mistook Ford for being dead while he was still in office. Chase’s routines are the most memorable thing from his administration. His legacy of hanging out in Aspen will be better remembered than anything he did in office.

    His most memorable quote will be something he probably never actually said: “Live from New York, it’s Saturday Night!”

  • Of course Ford had a down side to his career–he was a Republican for gosh sakes. And, frankly, most Dems have down sides to their careers if they have had any lengthy period in public service. However, as noted above, Ford did not deny Dems participation and would no doubt fight to allow their participation if ever faced with the same crap the Dems have had to go through the past 12 years. He was, for the most part, up front about his positions when serving as a public official, whether those positions are considered proper or improper, and he would at least try to argue the merits of his positions in a forthright manner, not with the deceptions practiced by today’s version of the GOP, and would at least listen to the opposition and generally treat the opposition with respect.

  • I was 16 when he took office and a member of a very politically aware family. Long time Boston Democrat family, Dad was a delegate to 1960 Demo Convention. We moved to DC in 1970. Watergate WAS our local news. My dad was a college president who made the White House Enemies list (he gave a speech in 1971 which was very anti Nixon….Dad always thought Nixon should have been impeached for the Cambodian Invasion and the secret bombings) I remember carrying a radio at work listening to the impeachment hearings live that summer. I was fascinated by the entire event.

    2 things struck me at that time.

    On the night Nixon left, a reporter stood in Lafayette Square in front of the White House and remarked in a world which had seen violent changes of government we had just witnessed the quiet and dignified process of our Constitution at work. No coups, no last minute violence, no National Guard. Just another hot steamy summer night in DC. President Ford helped ensure that peaceful transition.

    The other point was a week later my entire family was ticked off at President Ford for pardoning Mr. Nixon. But we had further discussions as the summer turned to fall. We all kind of agreed that it was probably for the best that the pardon occurred…on more mature reflection it allowed what others here have said… we were able to move on.

    While not a great man he was a good man. He believed just because you belonged to a different political party did not make you an enemy. This is a belief all of us, Republican AND Democrat, need to relearn and apply today. While his views and votes differed from what some of us may have wanted, they reflected how he felt, and just as importantly, how his constituents felt about the issues of the day.

    Oh, and the biggest fan of Chevy Chase was Gerry Ford.

  • Ford was a reasonably decent guy, although, if memory serves, he was somewhat of a hackish Hastert type as House minority leader. He was probably in over his head as president (a new tradition proudly continued by his Republican successors Reagan and Boy George). But he was definitely considered a conservative Republican, not a moderate, in the ’70s. Similarly, his ’76 running mate Bob Dole was considered a far right wing hatchetman in the ’70s only to emerge as a “moderate” in the 90s. In both cases, it was not a change in their politics but evidence of the move of the GOP to the far, far right that most centrist commentators (like Broder and company) still fail top fully acknowledge. Those with the politics of fringe figures who were derisively dismissed as John Birchers in the ’60s and ’70s are now comfortable esconced in the mainstream of the Republican party.

  • If Ford had not pardoned Nixon, the country would have been thrown into turmoil but it would have sent a very clear message to all future presidents that they are not above the law.

    If Bush and Cheney were smart (I know I know), Cheney would resign now for health issues and a well respected Republican could replace him. I’d say John Warner but subtracting a Republican from the Senate wouldn’t fly. Replace Cheney, at the first sign of impeachment hearings, have Bush step down “for the good of the nation” and the respected Republican take over. It’s the only scenario I can imagine where the Republicans can regain the middle.

  • Fords legacy will be that of elevating Donald Rumsfeld to the position first from WH Chief of Staff to Sec of Defense in 1975….

    That move allowed Rummy to bring along his old assistant DICK CHENEY to take over as WH Chief of Staff in 1976 and start the long hard slog to the situation we currently face in the world….

    Those two men single handedly pulled Ford’s strings in the mid 1970’s as they began their early push towards the theory of the Unitary Executive (consoldiation of power to solely the executive branch)

    Gerald Ford THANKS FOR NOTHING!!!!!

    Enjoy the follwoing photo:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ford_meets_with_Rumsfeld_and_Cheney%2C_April_28%2C_1975.jpg

  • As Marlowe points out, much of who Gerald Ford was and how he can be defined is the result of shifting political perspectives. I was 20 and working at a small Rhode Island newspaper the summer Nixon resigned, and two years later, when Ford was running against Carter, I felt that BOTH men were too conservative to get my vote, so I voted third-party instead.

    Ford, who looks so “moderate” now, was indeed a typical Republican of his time, conservative without being truly hateful, infinitely preferable to Nixon’s other Veep (the disgraced Spiro Agnew), but sluggish and inert in relation to the Gene McCarthys and Bobby Kennedys who had captured the national mood only a few years earlier. (And Marlowe is right about Bob Dole being perceived in 1976 as a right-wing hack.)

    Ford’s presidency was the quiet denouement to Nixon’s crazed crescendo. At a time when the public was burned out from politics (and getting into escapist fare like disco and JAWS), the media image of Ford as an amiable, well-meaning bumbler satisfied most people. Tidbits from Ford’s tenure include his laughable button-wearing “WIN” (“Whip Inflation Now”) program, wife Betty getting on the CB radio (1975’s biggest craze) with the monicker “First Mama,” and Ford’s 1976 Bicentennial address when no one felt like partying. The pardon of Nixon was indeed divisive, though I tend to think that “Ford lost in ’76 because of the pardon” is more of a media echo-chamber narrative than it is the truth — the entire GOP was tainted by Watergate that year.

    And it is only now that we can look back and shudder at Ford’s seemingly ordinary appointments of Cheney and Rumsfeld.

  • Talk about a beneficiary of the bigotry of low expectations. Ford was.

    He pardoned Nixon. If blogs were around then, we’d have been bleating flames. If Ford had let Nixon really been punished for his transgressions (and he got more young people killed than Bush has by a factor of 10) then perhaps the Imperial Presidency might not have not have arisen. I didn’t see losing the presidicency (after 6 years) as much of a punishment for Nixon. I wasn’t interested in tragic figures, I wanted the fucker to go to jail. Instead he was sentenced to endless walks on San Clemente beaches in black dress shoes..

    As for Ford? Like Edward Abbey said, “Better men than him die every day.”

  • I’m part of the “Ford was a decent man” party–almost the only modern president who did the job without letting his ego get in the way. Two additional points of perspective: one it was the Reagan right that ripped him apart. And two, think of the 76 campaign: Ford v. Carter. In terms of personal civility, times have changed, not so.

  • As someone who was just 30 years old a few weeks before Nixon’s resignation and deeply involved in politics, I have a very good memory of President Ford. (I was one of the three people who tripped that @#$#@@!! Squeaky Fromme when she made the mistake of standing six feet away from me in Capitol Park in Sacramento,so the Secret Service could grab her)

    I really, really disliked the pardon at the time. I agreed with Richard Ben-Veniste – one of the special prosecutors – when he said “I wanted to see that shovel nose sticking out from between bars.” I hate Nixon enough that I even found a way to pee on his grave a few years back. So I take no second place in thinking of that man as the source of all evil in the past 50 years of American politics (without Nixon there would be no W).

    That said, one of the benefits of growing old is one starts to see a wider vista – one gains “perspective” if you will – and for about the past ten years I have come to see that Clark Clifford’s argument (that the country couldn’t have taken another 3-4 years – which is what it would have taken, with appeals on every point going all the way to the Supreme Court – of Nixon on trial) is in fact right. Just the two years between the burglary and the resignation really came close to tearing things down. The truth is, out constitutional republic is fragile – as we are seeing today – and keeping it is ultimately more important than imprisoning any one evildoer, no matter how emotionally satisfying it would be in the moment to do so.

    “Saving the republic” is something that requires a long-term view,and I for one am glad that the people who made the decisions back then were people who had sufficient age and experience to have the perspective necessary to do that.

  • I’m afraid I can’t take the high road like Tom Cleaver. I was in college during Watergate and my hatred of Nixon has never diminished. He would have looked just spiffy in prison stripes. Some posters here seem to be old enough to remember (the long forgotten) David Frye, who made some great comedy albums in the ’60s and ’70s inpersonating Nixon and other political figures. IIRC, one of his Watergate era records feature Nixon in jail singing his version of Folsom Prison Blues (Oh, I’m in Folsom Prison/Why was this my fate?/You can take this here guitar/And shove it up your Watergate). I havn’ t heard these record in over 30 years but some of his routines are embedded in my brain. A (pre-Watergate) classic had Dick and Pat rushing over to the White House in the middle of the night following the ’68 election. Since Ike had never allowed Dick above the first floor, LBJ agrees to give him the $5 tour (Company coming up, Ladybird. Beautify yourself).

  • We’re forgetting the best part of the Ford Presidency: Betty Ford.

    Digby says it nicely:

    And Betty remains my favorite first lady of all time. She was funny and human and normal. I’ll never forget watching her hosting a Bolshoi ballet on television when she was obviously under the influence of something or other. I thought to myself, this is a real woman of her time. And of course, she went on to be one of the first famous women to announce that she was fighting breast cancer and founded the Betty Ford clinic not long after. She has done a world of good for the recovery movement.

    I would say, from my memories at the time, that Betty Ford might have done more good for the cause of Women’s Liberation at the time than any other woman. She made women who would never have thought of the issue in a positive way see things in a different light. It was so obvious they had about as “equal” a marriage (at least personally and privately) as you could have at the time. I remember my then-wife, who was politically radical in ways our “political radical” friends couldn’t even touch, arguing vehemently with them over the good Betty Ford was doing for the cause of women by being herself.

    She’s definitely always been one of my favorites in American politics ever since she arrived on the scene, and I think there’s a case to be made that she has demonstrated what an ex-First Lady can accomplish the way Jimmy Carter has shown what an ex-President can do.

    BTW Marlowe – you can’t top my Nixon-hating till you can tell in detail how it was you managed to watch for guards at the Nixon Library, waited till there was a break in the crowds, and then “whipped it out” and watered the grass just over his head – like I did. 🙂

  • The second best thing about Jerry Ford:

    He named Nelson “died in the saddle” Rockefeller as his VP

  • Two add-on personal items:

    1) Since everybody, beginning with CB, is revealing their age, I should mention that today is my Birthday (I have a twin sister who’s seven minutes older and never lets me forget it).

    2) The topic is Ford, but Nixon has been mentioned many times. Nixon fought public housing as a congressman, senator and vice president. My father was Executive Director of the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials (NAHRO). Mayor Norris Poulsen (1953-61) fought public housing in Los Angeles. According to wikipedia, “With the support of the group Citizens Against Socialist Housing (CASH) and drawing on the anti-communist atmosphere of the time, Poulsen promised to end support for such “un-American” housing projects and to fire city employees who were communists or who refused to answer questions about their political activities.” At the age of 13 I saw my father’s picture plastered all over the front pages of the LA Times for a week of hearings. The “not guilty” verdict, delivered after the Congressional committee left town, was mentioned on the back pages. The last sentence I ever heard from my father (over the phone, referring to Nixon’s resignation from the Presidency) was “We finally got that son of a bitch!” I’ve always treasured that.

  • He [Ford] believed just because you belonged to a different political party did not make you an enemy
    Comment by Albany Rifles

    Well that was true then. Today? Not so much.

  • I was 26 when Nixon resigned, and was quite aware of what was going on. I think that the pardon was good for the nation, and that the disgrace of being the only president to resign (when facing a slam dunk of impeachment and conviction) was Nixon’s punishment for all times.

    One thing to remember about Ford’s politics was that the FOIA passed while he was president, over his veto. (It was nice to have more than 2/3 of the House, and a big Senate majority — with a number of the few GOP being pretty liberal or moderate.) But his (for that time) conservatism aside, his decency and civility on matters of partisanship contrast so sharply with the likes of Gingrich and DeLay. The occasion needs to be used to remind the nation how much we do not need their kind of partisanship.

  • If the same Gerald Ford of Congress and the Presidency had been in either in the last decade he probably would have been more in line with the GOP in those positions today or at least gone along with it. Otherwise, he would not have been elected.

    I believe one telling event in the Ford Presidency was the GOP Convention of 1976 when Reagan tried to win the nomination from Ford the sitting President. You may remember some of Reagan’s supporters in the balcony dumping debris: water, food, paper, etc. on the Ford supporters below. Apparently, all or most of these Reagan supporters involved with the dumping were from the Texas delegation. A very telling overt sign for our nation’s future.

  • Happy birthday, Ed! Always enjoy reading your comments and contributions.

    I was 9-10 at the time, just starting to read abt politics etc, and Ford always seemed like a generally good guy if a bit of a buffoon. I do remember the distinct sense that the air had cleared, that there was a chance for a fresh start, when he replaced Nixon. I remember everyone (including my moderate suburban parents) being angry about the pardon. Looking back justice was served in Nixon’s being publicly disgraced, eventually becoming a kind of elder statesman, but under a dark cloud to the end of his days. My guess is that Ford pardoned Nixon for fear that a long public trial would have even worse consequences for the party than the reaction to the pardon would.

    Looking back now, it seems that, however decent Ford was personally, the poison that would infect the Republican party, and through it the country, was already starting to spread. Think of Cheney and Rumsfeld in the White House. Think of the lower-level Nixon staffers – Buchanan, Safire – learning to spew lies and hatred at their self-created enemies. Amiable Ford had conservative instincts, but these were conservative fighters. Eventually the honest approach to policy and the graciousness towards opponents were tossed aside like used kleenex And now, finally, thirty years later, the hatred and lies seem to have finally crested and ebbed – or have they?

  • Can you imagine Rockefeller, the icon of Liberal Republicans, being named to vice president today?

    I was still in college when Ford took over — wanted to spit on him for pardoning Nixon — but probably it was for the best (although the Nixon stamp finally allowed us to spit on him). Still, he was a mensch compared to what we have now, even as a patron of Darth Cheney and Heckuva Job Rummy.

  • We can thank Gerald Ford for appointing John Paul Stevens to the United States Supreme Court! Ford has stated that the Stevens appointment was in retrospect his finest achievement as president. May JPS also live well into his 90’s.

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