The pope said it. I believe it. End of discussion.

Guest Post by Morbo

The April 3 edition of The New Republic has an interesting cover story on [tag]Richard John Neuhaus[/tag], a Roman Catholic priest who runs a right-wing journal about religion and public life called First Things.

The TNR article is a review of Neuhaus’ new book Catholic Matters: Confusion, Controversy and the Splendor of Truth. For nine pages, writer Damon Linker methodically deconstructs Neuhaus’ philosophy and exposes the theocratic vision that lies beneath it. What’s even more remarkable is that Linker used to work for Neuhaus; he was once the editor of First Things.

I don’t know what happened between Linker and Neuhaus. Either they had one hell of a falling out, or Linker experienced the mother of all changes of heart. Linker has a book coming out in the fall called The Theocons: Secular America Under Siege. I take it from the title it is a defense of secular government. This is amazing, as the secular state is perhaps Neuhaus’ biggest bogeyman.

Linker’s review contains a fair share of inside baseball about the Catholic right, but the final paragraph is stirring. Linker writes that Neuhaus’ goals

should serve as a potent reminder — as if, in an age marked by the bloody rise of theologically inspired politics in the Islamic world, we needed a reminder — that the strict separation of politics and religion is a rare, precious, and fragile achievement, one of America’s most sublime achievements, and we should do everything in our power to preserve it. It is a large part of what makes America worth living in.

Linker touches on another aspect of Neuhaus’s approach that has annoyed me for many years: his faux intellectualism.

Neuhaus is often described as a leading conservative intellectual and assumed to be an erudite and deep thinker. Even some progressives who ought to know better fall for this. He was once lauded in the Utne Reader, of all places, as a visionary.

Alas, Neuhaus’ vision is of the 14th Century, and at the end of the day he is little more than Torquemada in modern dress.

Neuhaus is no intellectual. In fact, his argument in favor of Catholic supremacy eventually boils down to the following points:

1. This is my theology. I have a lot vested in it. I really wish it were true, so it must be.

2. The pope is always right. Everyone should do what the pope says.

3. The bishops should tell people to do what the pope says.

These are not intellectual arguments. They are little more than wishful thinking. In Neuhaus’ case, he backs them up with bellicose rhetoric and crude attacks on anyone who dares to think differently. In one controversial First Things essay from 1991, Neuhaus opined that an atheist can be American citizen but never “a good citizen.” Who are the good citizens? According to Neuhaus, only “those who believe in the God of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Jesus….”

So, according to Neuhaus, not only are atheists not good citizens, neither are Buddhists, Hindus, Unitarians, followers of Confucius, Jains and so on. Neuhaus, of course, sees himself as a good citizen – despite the fact that his defense of his favored religion is based on the most facile arguments. As Linker points out, Neuhaus blithely insists that Catholic dogma is true because it has always been true. This is circular reasoning, but it does not bother Neuhaus.

In fact, anyone who has done even cursory reading of the history of Catholicism knows that today’s familiar doctrines were hammered out by church councils that met long after the time of Christ. Many of these were organized by the Roman Emperor Constantine in the fourth century. Constantine’s goals were explicitly political, and he simply stacked the church councils with bishops who agreed with him to make sure things broke his way. Thus, Arianism, an early belief held by many Christians that taught that God the Father and Jesus were not co-equal and the same entity, was labeled heresy and the doctrine of the Trinity adopted. As Linker notes, the opposite outcome could have occurred had enough Arian bishops escaped Constantine’s henchmen and made it to the Council of Nicea.

Neuhaus has an interesting way of dealing with this uncomfortable fact: He resorts to intervention by a magical being. The Arians, you see, could not have triumphed because they were wrong, and the Holy Spirit saw to it that they were defeated.

To sum up, Neuhaus’ main argument is that Catholicism is true because an invisible ghost, who is also co-god with two other deities who are father and son yet still one, guided the whole process. Furthermore, these three gods are really one god, so the religion in question isn’t really polytheistic.

Oh, and by the way, this multi-faceted but still unitary god does not want you to use birth control, have sex before marriage, be gay, vote for the Democrats, look at porn or belong to any religious body other than the Roman Catholic Church. We know this because the pope said so.

You can call that lots of things — but an intellectual argument is not one of them.

Now playing: Europe ’72

Hey, if religion works for you, that’s fine. What drives me nuts are the folks who _have_ to get out there and be active recruiters for their belief systems… Whether it’s the islamist nutjob with his rusty bayonet or the Strange Gay Fellow who hangs around the student center, and insists that everyone is _really_ gay, and that those of us who aren’t are all a buncha deviants (and who doesn’t see any sort of dichotomy between him and the uptight folks who maintain that everyone is _really_ hetero…). But the main recruiting tool is the ritual. Dang, I’m flashing back to Marshall again…

I can deal with the Mormons (hey, most of ’em turn out okay after they do their missionary stint – just think of them as the ultimate fashion victims), and even the Jehovah’s Witnesses (“Sure! Come on in, and have a beer! We’re watching porno on the big screen!”), since they generally leave me alone. It’s only when someone tries to infringe upon my right to dance naked under my special tree at the solstices that I start to become unravelled…

I think that religion has a place for esoteric customs and rituals. And there _have_ to be lines drawn, whether your religion involves old dead guys or a belief that if it wasn’t for a few soggy hippies mucking around in lifeboats, seagulls would be extinct… Some people _need_ religion. They _need_ a belief system to tell them what to do. And that belief system can take MANY shapes, from 10 good ideas to a little red book to the “code” of the Louisville Outlaws MC…

  • So Constantine created the Holy Spirt. I wonder what diety the Republicans will create before mid term elections. Once again another example of man making God in his own image.

  • May the blessings of the Holy Chicken Hawk descend upon you and remain with you forever.

  • Not funny – we just had a child molester show up a coupla blocks away.

    Off to go clean the swords (I knew all that SCA stuff would come in handy…)

  • From the review:

    Neuhaus even suggested that the stakes were so high and the challenges so great that the country required the aid of someone with extraordinary theoretical and practical vision–someone with the vision of a “Christian Marx.”

    Not that Neuhaus endorsed communism or any other aspect of Marxist ideology. He simply wished to highlight Marx’s success at fashioning a comprehensive system of thought that inspired millions, providing them with final, authoritative answers to every human question. Only a man of such enormous gifts would be capable of giving the United States what it so manifestly craved and required: an ideological “alternative both to Marxism and secularized liberalism” that would grant the nation “a definition of reality, an ideology, based on Jewish-Christian religion, that [was] as creative, comprehensive, and compelling as was Marx’s definition of reality.”

    Thus ever doth the totalizing imagination work. If one absolutism fails, the answer must be an equal and opposite absolutism. As political movements, totalizing intellectual systems inevitably become totalitarian–one of Hanna Arendt’s key insights, IIRC. Confronted with fallible human beings, imperfections, and the myriad ways in which the complexity of reality exceeds the theory, the only choice is to abandon the theory or try to force everyone and everything to fit. Thought crime, inquisition, and the concentration camp soon to follow.

    Why can’t self-styled intellectuals like Neuhaus see that it’s the totalizing impulse itself that’s the problem, not which absolutistic system you pick as the straightjacket into which the world must be forced to satisfy your sense of neatness, completion and “meaning” (in the most cramped and punitive sense).

  • I hate to nitpick, but Neuhaus actually does not defer to the Pope (new or prior). Like George Weigel, he is basically a neoconservative.

    Both Pope John II and then Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope) were quite adament that Iraq did not meet the Church standard for a ‘just war’, let alone a pre-emptive just war. Neuhaus and Weigel both wrote lengthy, total BS, pieces arguing otherwise in First Things.

    It has actually been interesting to watch Weigel slowly discard all the BS reasons he has given in his writings and finally cling to “regime change” as the core justification. Not surprising, considering he is an original signitory of the Project for a New American Century (aka, ‘let’s be incompetent Romans’). Like Neuhaus, Church doctrine is just something to fling about to bolster a pre-conceived belief for him…

    -jjf

  • The trinity does have some logical value.

    For one thing, the problem with monotheism is that the absolute is not one, but zero, so the spiritual absolute would be that void at the center of the equilibrium. The essence we rise from, not a point of focus from which we fell.

    The trinity essentially originated as an analogy of time. Jesus sought to reinvigorate Judism and the Holy Ghost was introduced to explain why he hadn’t succeeded by projecting it onto the future. God the father as the past, God the son as present and The Holy Ghost as future.

    As such, it’s really a form of dualism, in that the two sides define the whole, whether its past and future defining the present. Order and chaos defining complexity. Conservatism and liberalism defining the political equilibrium, etc.

  • I can buy the Trinity as a metaphor of God’s presence in creation, in Jesus, and in humanity, but most people take it much further than that. And as a Unitarian, I see no real difference between God’s presence in Jesus and God’s presence in anyone else. The difference is simply Jesus’ awareness of God’s presence and his ability to follow its promptings, no matter the cost. I am not willing to rule out the possibility that others were similarly aware, but I can’t name such a person.

  • from the last Republican Statesman we will likely ever see…

    By maintaining the separation of church and state, the United States has avoided the intolerance which has so divided the rest of the world with religious wars…Can any of us refute the wisdom of Madison and the other framers? Can anyone look at the carnage in Iran, the bloodshed in Northern Ireland, or the bombs bursting in Lebanon and yet question the dangers of injecting religious issues into the affairs of state? – Barry Goldwater – U.S. Senate, Sept. 15, 1981

  • “By maintaining the separation of church and state, the United States has avoided the intolerance which has so divided the rest of the world with religious wars”

    Something else that would-be theocrats like Neuhaus would be wise to remember: By maintaining the separation of church and state, US churches have avoided the slow decline from indifference that has so afflicted churches in so much of Europe.

  • It’s no wonder that progressives are losing the Catholic vote, with smug condescending crap like this. Sorry, but your interpretation of the Council of Nicea is way off the mark, owing more to Dan Brown than true history. You should remember, even if you do not share its beliefs, that the Catholic Church is the largest provider of health, education, and welfare in the world. It fights war, poverty, and the death penalty. Unlike Bush, it takes the “dignity of every human person” seriously. So, please, a little respect. And another pet peeve: why is it always Catholicism that’s on the receiving end of such shit? When are we going to see similar exposes of Islam, Judaism, and (beloved by every Hollywood idiot)– Buddhism?

  • Tony A,

    I’m much too big of a snob to ever spend time reading genre ficiton like “The Da Vinci Code.” The idea that what we today see as conventional Christian doctine was hammered out by church councils long after Jesus died is no longer considered controversial by scholars. I recommend “When Jesus Became God” by Richard Rubenstein for more on this.

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