Republicans are poised, for the first time, to run three African-American candidates for statewide office in the same campaign cycle (Blackwell in Ohio, Steele in Maryland, and Swann in Pennsylvania). GOP leaders like Ken Mehlman suggest campaigns like these will help lure African-American voters away from the Dems. What seems to go unmentioned is disheartening evidence that these same candidates may also drive white voters away.
Bad news for Michael S. Steele, the leading Maryland Republican candidate for Senate in November: The scuttling noise he hears on Election Day could be the sound of tens of thousands of white Republicans crossing over to vote for the Democrat.
In fact, white Republicans nationally are 25 percentage points more likely on average to vote for the Democratic senatorial candidate when the GOP hopeful is black, says economist Ebonya Washington of Yale University in a forthcoming article in the Quarterly Journal of Economics. White independents are similarly inclined to vote for the white Democrat when there’s a black Republican running, according to her study of congressional and gubernatorial voting patterns between 1982 and 2000, including five Senate races in which the Republican nominee was black.
Her analysis suggests that GOP “white flight” in the Maryland Senate race could mean at least an additional 1 or 2 percent of the vote goes to the Democrat, and perhaps more — but only if the candidate is white. Together, independents who would otherwise vote for a white Republican plus GOP deserters may easily swamp any increase in black Democratic crossover to Steele.
In this case, we are not ony talking about Republican racism — the study from the Yale economist suggests racially-motivated crossover voting may be bi-partisan, at least at the local level. As the WaPo noted, “In House races, white Democrats are 38 percentage points less likely to vote Democratic if their candidate is black.”
Admittedly, I have not yet seen the journal article that details these trends, and the Post article hints there may be a difference between House races and statewide Senate races. Nevertheless, I had naively believed that most of the country was way past allowing race to influence voting patterns so strongly. It’s discouraging, to put it mildly.